Netopia R2020 Instrukcja Użytkownika

Netopia ® R2020 Dual Analog Router ffffoooorrrr ddddaaaattttaaaa ccccoooommmmmmmmuuuunnnniiiiccccaaaattttiiiioooonnnn User’s Reference Guide

viii User’s Reference Guide Uploading configuration files ... 15-12Restarting the system...

8-24 User’s Reference GuideConfiguration is similar to the Web-based management configuration screens. Selecting Use Connection Profile displays a pop-

Managing Data Calls 8-25The Budget Statistics screen appears.You can view statistics for all your budgets at once or one at a time. Budget Name sh

8-26 User’s Reference GuideDDDDaaaatttteeee aaaannnndddd ttttiiiimmmmeeee sssseeeettttttttiiiinnnnggggNote: If you have Connection Budgets c

Virtual Private Networks 9-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 9999VVVViiiirrrrttttuuuuaaaallll PPPPrrrriiiivvvvaaaatttteeee NNNNeeeettttwwwwoooo

9-2 User’s Reference GuideUnlike the phone company, private and public computer networks can use more than one protocol to carry your information ove

Virtual Private Networks 9-3Configuring the Netopia Router for use with either of the two protocols is done through the console-based menu screens. E

9-4 User’s Reference GuideAAAAbbbboooouuuutttt PPPPPPPPTTTTPPPP ttttuuuunnnnnnnneeeellllssssTo set up a PPTP tunnel, you create a Connection Pr

Virtual Private Networks 9-5Note: Profiles using PPTP do not offer a Telco Options screen. Enter the PPTP Partner IP Address. This specifies the addr

9-6 User’s Reference Guideinitiating a tunnel connection. You can specify a Receive Host Name which is used with the Receive Secret for authenticati

Virtual Private Networks 9-7Ordinarily, Ping is an excellent troubleshooting tool, but it will not be effective in this circumstance. Instead, use a

Contents ix G Example: Working with a Class C subnet... C-5Distributing IP addresses ... C-5

9-8 User’s Reference GuideVVVVPPPPNNNN DDDDeeeeffffaaaauuuulllltttt AAAAnnnnsssswwwweeeerrrr PPPPrrrrooooffffiiiilllleeeeThe WAN Configuratio

Virtual Private Networks 9-9default) if you do not. This applies to both ATMP and PPTP connections. For PPTP tunnel connections only, you must defin

9-10 User’s Reference GuideDDDDiiiiaaaallll----UUUUpppp NNNNeeeettttwwwwoooorrrrkkkkiiiinnnngggg ffffoooorrrr VVVVPPPPNNNNMicrosoft Windows

Virtual Private Networks 9-11The Communications window appears.5. In the Communications window, select Dial-Up Networking and click the OK button.Th

9-12 User’s Reference GuideCCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrriiiinnnngggg aaaa DDDDiiiiaaaallll----UUUUpppp NNNNeeeettttwwwwoooorrrrkkkkiiiinn

Virtual Private Networks 9-134. Click the TCP/IP Settings button. If your ISP uses dynamic IP addressing (DHCP), select the Server assigned IP add

9-14 User’s Reference GuideIIIInnnnssssttttaaaalllllllliiiinnnngggg tttthhhheeee VVVVPPPPNNNN CCCClllliiiieeeennnnttttBefore Installing the

Virtual Private Networks 9-153. Click the Windows Setup tab.The Windows Setup screen will be displayed within the top center box.4. Double-click Com

9-16 User’s Reference GuideAAAAbbbboooouuuutttt AAAATTTTMMMMPPPP TTTTuuuunnnnnnnneeeellllssssTo set up an ATMP tunnel, you create a Connection

Virtual Private Networks 9-17When you define a Connection Profile as using ATMP by selecting ATMP as the datalink encapsulation method, and then selec

x User’s Reference Guide

9-18 User’s Reference Guideinvisible. You can specify that this router will Initiate Connections, acting as a foreign agent (Yes), or only answer th

Virtual Private Networks 9-19AAAAlllllllloooowwwwiiiinnnngggg VVVVPPPPNNNNssss tttthhhhoooouuuugggghhhh aaaa ffffiiiirrrreeeewwwwaaaalll

9-20 User’s Reference GuideSelect Display/Change Input Filter.Display/Change Input Filter screenFor Input Filter 1 set the Destination Port informati

Virtual Private Networks 9-21In the Display/Change IP Filter Set screen select Display/Change Output Filter. Display/Change Output Filter screenFor

9-22 User’s Reference GuideAAAATTTTMMMMPPPP EEEExxxxaaaammmmpppplllleeeeTo enable a firewall to allow ATMP traffic, you must provision the firewall t

Virtual Private Networks 9-23In the Display/Change IP Filter Set screen select Display/Change Output Filter. Display/Change Output Filter screenFor

9-24 User’s Reference Guide Change Output Filter 2 Enabled: Yes Forward:

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 11110000MMMMuuuullllttttiiiipppplllleeee NNNNeeeettttwwwwoo

10-2 User’s Reference GuideThe terms public and external refer to the Internet side of the Netopia Router's connection. A machine on the public

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-3In order to support this type of mapping, the private addresses and public addresses are separ

Configuration options for your Netopia R2020 Dual Analog Router The Netopia R2020 can be used in different ways depending on your needs. In general, y

10-4 User’s Reference GuideNAT configurationYou use the NAT feature sets by defining a series of remapping rules and then grouping them into a list. Th

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-5 The Local WAN IP Address is used to configure a NAT public address range consisting of the Lo

10-6 User’s Reference GuideSelect Network Address Translation (NAT) and press Return.The Network Address Translation screen appears.Public Range: defi

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-7NNNNAAAATTTT rrrruuuulllleeeessssThe following rules apply to assigning NAT ranges and serv

10-8 User’s Reference Guide Select ADD NAT PUBLIC RANGE and press Return. The range will be added to your list and you will be returned to the Netwo

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-9 Select First and Last Private Address and enter the first and last interior IP addresses you

10-10 User’s Reference Guide Select ADD NAT MAP and press Return. Your mapping is added to your map list.MMMMooooddddiiiiffffyyyyiiiinnnngggg mmm

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-11The Show/Change NAT Map List screen appears. Add Map allows you to add a new map to the map

10-12 User’s Reference GuideThe Change NAT Map screen appears.Make any modifications you need and then select CHANGE NAT MAP and press Return. Your ch

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-13All operations are done from a single pop-up menu. In the Show/Change Map List screen, sele

1. Small Office connection to the Internet For Small Office connections to the Internet, using a single dynamic IP address with Network Address Transla

10-14 User’s Reference Guide Select Service and press Return. A pop-up menu appears listing a selection of commonly exported services. Choose the s

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-15 Enter the First and Last Port Number between ports 1 and 65535. Select OK and press Return.

10-16 User’s Reference GuideThe Show/Change NAT Server List screen appears. Selecting Show/Change Server or Delete Server displays the same pop-up m

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-17Select any server from the list and press Return. The Change NAT Server screen appears.You ca

10-18 User’s Reference GuideA pop-up menu lists your configured servers. Select the one you want to delete and press Return. A dialog box asks you to

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-19 Select NAT Map List and press Return. A pop-up menu displays a list of your defined map list

10-20 User’s Reference Guide Select the server list you want to bind to this Connection Profile and press Return. The server list you selected will n

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-21The Default Answer Profile screen appears.If Must Match a Defined Profile is set to Yes, then th

10-22 User’s Reference GuideNNNNAAAATTTT AAAAssssssssoooocccciiiiaaaattttiiiioooonnnnssssConfiguration of map and server lists alone is not sufficie

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-23 Select the list name you want to assign and press Return again. Your selection will then be

2. Small Office connection to the Internet For Small Office connections to the Internet, using a block of IP addresses (Network Address Translation dis

10-24 User’s Reference GuideMMMMuuuullllttttiiiiNNNNAAAATTTT CCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn EEEExxxxaaaammmmpppplllleeeeT

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-25Enter your ISP-supplied values as shown below.Select NEXT SCREEN and press Return.Your IP val

10-26 User’s Reference GuideSelect Show/Change Public Range, then Easy-PAT Range, and press Return. Enter the value your ISP assigned for your public

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-27Select ADD NAT PUBLIC RANGE and press Return. You are returned to the Network Address Transla

10-28 User’s Reference Guide First, navigate to the Show/Change Map List screen, select Easy-PAT List and then Show/Change Maps. Choose the Static M

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-29IP subnetsThe IP Subnets screen allows you to configure up to eight Ethernet IP subnets, one “

10-30 User’s Reference GuideFor example: To delete a configured subnet, set both the IP address and subnet mask values to 0.0.0.0, either explicitly

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-31If you have configured multiple Ethernet IP subnets, the IP Setup screen changes slightly:The

10-32 User’s Reference GuideViewing static routesTo display a view-only table of static routes, select Display/Change Static Route in the Static Rout

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-33Priority: An indication whether the Netopia R2020 will use the static route when it conflicts

3. Direct Connection to a Corporate Office (Telecommuter) For direct connections to a Corporate Office, you can use either one of two configuration opti

10-34 User’s Reference GuideWith RIP Metric you set the number of routers, from 1 to 15, between the sending router and the destination router. The m

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-35IP address servingIn addition to being a router, the Netopia R2020 is also an IP address serv

10-36 User’s Reference GuideTo go to the IP Address Serving screen, select IP Address Serving in the System Configuration screen and press Return.Foll

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-37DHCP NetBIOS OptionsIf your network uses NetBIOS, you can enable the Netopia R2020 to use DHC

10-38 User’s Reference Guide To serve DHCP clients with the NetBIOS scope, select Serve NetBIOS Scope and toggle it to Yes. Select NetBIOS Scope and

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-39The Served IP Addresses screen appears.To release these addresses, select Lease Management.Se

10-40 User’s Reference GuideDHCP Relay AgentThe R2020 offers DHCP Relay Agent functionality, as defined in RFC1542. A DHCP relay agent is a computer s

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-41Select IP Address Serving Mode. The pop-up menu offers the choices of Disabled, DHCP Server (

10-42 User’s Reference Guideoption is automatically enabled if the AppleTalk kit is installed and IP Address Serving is enabled. Select MacIP/KIP St

IPX Setup 11-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 11111111IIIIPPPPXXXX SSSSeeeettttuuuuppppInternetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) is the network protocol

4. Configured to accept incoming dial-up connections To configure the Netopia R2020 to accept incoming dial-up connections, you should use the followin

11-2 User’s Reference GuideIPX address An IPX address consists of a network number, a node number, and a socket number. An IPX network number is comp

IPX Setup 11-3The following is a list of common SAP server types: NetBIOS NetBIOS is a protocol that performs tasks related to the Transport and Ses

11-4 User’s Reference GuideTo go to the IPX Setup screen, from the Main Menu select System Configuration and then select Network Protocols Setup and t

IPX Setup 11-57. Select Default Gateway Address, and enter the network address of the IPX network to which all packets of unknown destination addres

11-6 User’s Reference GuideTo configure IPX routing in the answer profile, select IPX Parameters and go to the IPX Parameters (Default Answer Profile) s

IPX Setup 11-7IPX routing tablesIPX routing tables provide information on current IPX routes and services. To go to the IPX Routing Table screen, se

11-8 User’s Reference Guide

AppleTalk Setup 12-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 11112222AAAApppppppplllleeeeTTTTaaaallllkkkk SSSSeeeettttuuuuppppThis chapter discusses the c

12-2 User’s Reference GuideIf the cabling of your network were a street system, then a node address would correspond to a building’s street address.

AppleTalk Setup 12-3MacIPWhen Macintosh computers encapsulate TCP/IP packets in AppleTalk, either because they are on LocalTalk or they are on Ether

5. Configured for two onboard and one external modem on the Auxiliary port To configure the Netopia R2020 to use the two onboard modems and a third ext

12-4 User’s Reference GuideYou should set the Netopia R2020’s seeding action to work best in your particular network environment. These scenarios may

AppleTalk Setup 12-5The Netopia Feature Set Upgrade screen appears.Follow the instructions to enable AppleTalk on your router. Once AppleTalk is ena

12-6 User’s Reference GuideConfiguring AppleTalkAppleTalk setup for Netopia R2020s consists of configuring EtherTalk, LocalTalk, and AURP.EtherTalk Set

AppleTalk Setup 12-7EtherTalk Phase II port is visible to other AppleTalk nodes. The default zone is also where new AppleTalk nodes will appear. If

12-8 User’s Reference GuideAs an alternative, you can set LocalTalk seeding to soft seeding and let the Netopia R2020 receive the zone name and netwo

AppleTalk Setup 12-9Site A has an AURP tunnel to site B. Both sides have multiple zones defined on the EtherTalk port and a unique zone on their Loca

12-10 User’s Reference GuideDeleting an AURP partner To delete an AURP partner, select Delete Partner in the AURP Setup screen and press Return to d

AppleTalk Setup 12-11Raising the tickle packet interval does not ensure that the AURP tunnel is dropped or not brought up. If any application on the

12-12 User’s Reference Guide

Monitoring Tools 13-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 11113333MMMMoooonnnniiiittttoooorrrriiiinnnngggg TTTToooooooollllssssThis chapter discusses

PPPPaaaarrrrtttt IIII:::: GGGGeeeettttttttiiiinnnngggg SSSSttttaaaarrrrtttteeeedddd

13-2 User’s Reference GuideGeneral StatusCurrent Date: The current date; this can be set with the Date and Time utility (see “Date and Time” on page

Monitoring Tools 13-3Current StatusThe current status section is a table showing the current status of the WAN. For example:WAN StatusProfile Name: L

13-4 User’s Reference GuideStatistics & LogsWhen you are troubleshooting your Netopia R2020, the Statistics screens provide insight into the rece

Monitoring Tools 13-5The right side of the table lists the total number of occurrences of each of five types of communication statistics:EN Rx Packet

13-6 User’s Reference GuideWAN Event HistoryThe WAN Event History screen lists a total of 128 events on the WAN. The most recent events appear at the

Monitoring Tools 13-7Device Event HistoryThe Device Event History screen lists a total of 128 port and system events, giving the time and date for e

13-8 User’s Reference GuideIP routing tableThe IP routing table displays all of the IP routes currently known to the Netopia R2020.To display the IP

Monitoring Tools 13-9To display the IPX Routing Table screen, select IPX Routing Table in the Statistics & Logs screen and press Return.IPX Sap

13-10 User’s Reference Guide(Def) Zone Name: Displays the zone or zones associated with the specified network or network range. The zone name shown is

Monitoring Tools 13-11The IP Address Lease Management screen appears.By selecting each of these options you can: Reset all current IP addresses lea

Copyright Copyright 1999, Netopia, Inc. v.799All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A.This manual and any associated artwork, software and product d

User’s Reference Guide

13-12 User’s Reference GuideSystem InformationThe System Information screen gives a summary view of the general system level values in the Netopia R2

Monitoring Tools 13-13The SNMP Setup screenTo go to the SNMP Setup screen from the Main Menu, select SNMP in the System Configuration screen and pres

13-14 User’s Reference GuideBy default, the read-only and read/write community strings are set to “public” and “private,” respectively. You should ch

Monitoring Tools 13-15Setting the IP trap receivers1. Select Add IP Trap Receiver.2. Select Receiver IP Address or Domain Name. Enter the IP address

13-16 User’s Reference Guide

Security 14-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 11114444SSSSeeeeccccuuuurrrriiiittttyyyyThe Netopia R2020 provides a number of security features to hel

14-2 User’s Reference GuideUser accountsWhen you first set up and configure the Netopia R2020, no passwords are required to access the configuration scr

Security 14-3To display a view-only list of user accounts, select Show Users in the Security Options screen.To add a new user account, select Add Us

14-4 User’s Reference GuideEnable SmartStart/Web ServerYou may wish to restrict access to the web-based screens to prevent inadvertent switching or c

Security 14-5How filter sets workA filter set acts like a team of customs inspectors. Each filter is an inspector through which incoming and outgoing p

Introduction 1-1 CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 1111IIIInnnnttttrrrroooodddduuuuccccttttiiiioooonnnn Overview The Netopia R2020 Dual Analog Route

14-6 User’s Reference GuideIf the package does not match the first inspector’s criteria, it goes to the second inspector, and so on. You can see that

Security 14-7How individual filters workAs described above, a filter applies criteria to an IP packet and then takes one of three actions:A filter’s ac

14-8 User’s Reference GuidePort number comparisonsA filter can also use a comparison option to evaluate a packet’s source or destination port number.

Security 14-9Putting the parts togetherWhen you display a filter set, its filters are displayed as rows in a table:The table’s columns correspond to e

14-10 User’s Reference GuideFiltering example #1Returning to our filtering rule example from above (see page 14-7), look at how a rule is translated i

Security 14-11This filter blocks any packets coming from a remote network with the IP network address 200.233.14.0. The 0 at the end of the address s

14-12 User’s Reference GuideAn approach to using filtersThe ultimate goal of network security is to prevent unauthorized access to the network without

Security 14-133. View, change, or delete individual filters and filter sets.The sections below explain how to execute these steps.Adding a filter setYo

14-14 User’s Reference GuideInput and output filters—source and destinationThere are two kinds of filters you can add to a filter set: input and output.

Security 14-151. To make the filter active in the filter set, select Enabled and toggle it to Yes. If Enabled is toggled to No, the filter can still ex

1-2 User’s Reference Guide Translation (MultiNAT) adds significant flexibility and security for a wide range of applications. 1-to-1 static NAT mapp

14-16 User’s Reference Guide10. When you are finished configuring the filter, select ADD THIS FILTER NOW to save the filter in the filter set. Select CANC

Security 14-17Modifying filter setsTo modify a filter set, select Display/Change Filter Set in the Filter Sets screen to display a list of filter sets.

14-18 User’s Reference GuideThe five input filters and one output filter that make up Basic Firewall are shown in the table below. Basic Firewall’s filte

Security 14-19Basic Firewall is suitable for a LAN containing only client hosts that wish to access servers on the WAN, not for a LAN containing ser

14-20 User’s Reference GuideFTP sessions. To allow WAN-originated FTP sessions to a LAN-based FTP server with the IP address a.b.c.d (corresponding t

Security 14-21IPX filtersIPX packet filters work very similarly to IP packet filters. They filter data traffic coming from or going to remote IPX network

14-22 User’s Reference GuideThe items in the IPX Filters and Filter Sets screen are grouped into four areas: IPX packet filters IPX packet filter set

Security 14-231. Select Filter Name and enter a descriptive name for the filter.2. To specify a source network for the filter to match on, select Sour

14-24 User’s Reference GuideFollow these steps to configure the new packet filter set:1. Select Filter Set Name and enter a descriptive name for the fil

Security 14-253. To add a filter to the filter set, select Append Filter to display a table of filters. Select a filter from the table and press Return

Making the Physical Connections 2-1 CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 2222MMMMaaaakkkkiiiinnnngggg tttthhhheeee PPPPhhhhyyyyssssiiiiccccaaaall

14-26 User’s Reference GuideAdding a SAP filterTo add a new IPX SAP filter, select Add IPX SAP Filter in the IPX Filters and Filter Sets screen and pre

Security 14-27Deleting a SAP filterTo delete a SAP filter, select Delete IPX SAP filter in the IPX Filters and Filter Sets screen to display a table of

14-28 User’s Reference GuideSelect a filter and toggle the entry forwarding action to Yes (pass) or No (discard).3. To add a filter to the filter set, s

Security 14-29Host: A workstation on the Network.Packet: Unit of communication on the Internet.Packet Filter: Packet filters allow or deny packets ba

14-30 User’s Reference GuideFirewall design rulesThere are two basic rules to firewall design: “What is not explicitly allowed is denied...”and “Wha

Security 14-31Logical ANDingWhen a packet is compared (in most cases) a logical AND is performed. First the IP addresses and subnet masks are conver

14-32 User’s Reference GuideExample IP Filter Set ScreenThis is an example of the Netopia IP filter set screen:Filter BasicsIn the source or destinati

Security 14-33Example NetworkExample FiltersExample 1 Incoming packet has the source address of 200.1.1.28This incoming IP packet has a source IP ad

14-34 User’s Reference GuideExample 2 Incoming packet has the source address of 200.1.1.184This incoming IP packet (10000000) has a source IP address

Security 14-35Example 4Incoming packet has the source address of 200.1.1.104Since the Source IP Network Address in the Netopia R2020 is 01100000, an

2-2 User’s Reference GuideWindows and Macintosh, ZTerm terminal emulator software and NCSA Telnet 2.6 for MacintoshYou will need: A Windows 95-based

14-36 User’s Reference GuideToken Security AuthenticationThis section discusses how to configure and use security authentication on the Netopia R2020.

Security 14-37The Netopia R2020 supports the following user configurations for security authentication: Single user, calling a single destination (s

14-38 User’s Reference Guide2. Select Send Authentication and press Return. From the pop-up menu, highlight PAP-TOKEN or CACHE-TOKEN. Your network ad

Security 14-391. Select Secure Authentication Monitor and press Return. The Secure Authentication Monitor screen appears.2. Wait for the call to ini

14-40 User’s Reference GuideNote: When using CACHE-TOKEN, your passcode is valid for a time interval determined by the network administrator. When th

Utilities and Diagnostics 15-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 11115555UUUUttttiiiilllliiiittttiiiieeeessss aaaannnndddd DDDDiiiiaaaaggggnnnnoo

15-2 User’s Reference GuidePingThe Netopia R2020 includes a standard Ping test utility. A Ping test generates IP packets destined for a particular (P

Utilities and Diagnostics 15-3While the Ping test is running, and when it is over, a status field and a number of statistical items are active on the

15-4 User’s Reference GuidePackets Lost: The number of packets unaccounted for, shown in total and as a percentage of total packets sent. This stati

Utilities and Diagnostics 15-5Trace RouteYou can count the number of routers between your Netopia Router and a given destination with the Trace Rout

Making the Physical Connections 2-3If you have two phone lines on a single wall outlet, this is the only Telco connection you need to make. The pino

15-6 User’s Reference GuideTelnet clientThe Telnet client mode replaces the normal menu mode. Telnet sessions can be cascaded, that is, you can initi

Utilities and Diagnostics 15-7Disconnect Telnet Console SessionIf you want to close your Telnet Console session, select Disconnect Telnet Console Se

15-8 User’s Reference GuideThe sections below describe how to update the Router’s firmware and how to download and upload configuration files.Updating fi

Utilities and Diagnostics 15-9name (for example, bigroot/config/myfile). Select Send Firmware to Netopia from TFTP Server and press Return. You will

15-10 User’s Reference Guideexample, bigroot/config/myfile). Select Read Config Now and press Return. You will see the following dialog box: Select CA

Utilities and Diagnostics 15-11Updating firmwareFirmware updates may be available periodically from Netopia or from a site maintained by your organiz

15-12 User’s Reference GuideThe system will reset at the end of a successful file transfer to put the new firmware into effect. While the system resets

Utilities and Diagnostics 15-131. Decide on a name for the file and a path for saving it.2. Select Receive Config from Netopia and press Return. The f

15-14 User’s Reference Guide

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2-4 User’s Reference GuideNetopia R2020 Dual Analog Router Back Panel PortsThe figure below displays the back of the Netopia R2020 Dual Analog Router.

User’s Reference Guide

Troubleshooting A-1AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx AAAATTTTrrrroooouuuubbbblllleeeesssshhhhoooooooottttiiiinnnnggggThis appendix is intended to h

A-2 User’s Reference GuideSmartStart TroubleshootingThe Status field of the SmartStart application will display information and indicate problems as t

Troubleshooting A-3Power outagesIf you suspect that power was restored after a power outage, and the Netopia R2020 is connected to a remote site, you

A-4 User’s Reference GuidePhone: 1 800-782-6449Fax: 1 510-814-5023Netopia, Inc.Customer Service2470 Mariner Square LoopAlameda, California 94501USANe

Setting Up Internet Services B-1AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx BBBBSSSSeeeettttttttiiiinnnngggg UUUUpppp IIIInnnntttteeeerrrrnnnneeeetttt

B-2 User’s Reference GuideUnique requirementsMake sure the ISP can meet any unique requirements you may have. Potential requirements include: Dynami

Setting Up Internet Services B-3Consider expected growth in your network when deciding on the number of addresses to obtain. Alternatively, you may u

B-4 User’s Reference Guidein the address block The Ethernet IP address for your Netopia R2020 The Ethernet IP subnet mask address for your Netopia

Understanding IP Addressing C-1AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx CCCCUUUUnnnnddddeeeerrrrssssttttaaaannnnddddiiiinnnngggg IIIIPPPP AAAAdddddd

Making the Physical Connections 2-5The following table describes all the Netopia R2020 Dual Analog Router back panel ports.Port DescriptionPower por

C-2 User’s Reference GuideIP addresses indicate both the identity of the network and the identity of the individual host on the network. The number o

Understanding IP Addressing C-3Subnet masksTo create subnets, the network manager must define a subnet mask, a 32-bit number that indicates which bits

C-4 User’s Reference GuideNetwork configurationBelow is a diagram of a simple network configuration. The ISP is providing a Class C address to the cust

Understanding IP Addressing C-5BackgroundThe IP Addresses and routing configurations for the devices shown in the diagram are outlined below. In addit

C-6 User’s Reference GuideThere are two schemes for distributing the remaining IP addresses: Manually give each computer an address Let the Netop

Understanding IP Addressing C-7ConfigurationThis section describes the specific IP address lease, renew, and release mechanisms for both the Mac and PC

C-8 User’s Reference Guideone hour after the last heard lease request as some other DHCP implementations may hold on to the lease for an additional t

Understanding IP Addressing C-9In any situation where a device is dialing into a Netopia router, the router may need to be configured to serve IP via

C-10 User’s Reference GuideThe figure above shows an example of a block of IP addresses being distributed correctly.The example follows these rules:

Understanding IP Addressing C-11Nested IP subnetsUnder certain situations, you may wish to create remote subnets from the limited number of IP addres

2-6 User’s Reference GuideNetopia R2020 Dual Analog Router Status LightsThe figure below represents the Netopia R2020 status light (LED) panel.Netopia

C-12 User’s Reference GuideRouters B and C (which could also be Netopia R2020s) serve the two remote networks that are subnets of a.b.c.0. The subnet

Understanding IP Addressing C-13The following diagram illustrates the IP address space taken up by the two remote IP subnets. You can see from the di

C-14 User’s Reference Guide

Binary Conversion Table D-1AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx DDDDBBBBiiiinnnnaaaarrrryyyy CCCCoooonnnnvvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn TTTTaaaabb

D-2 User’s Reference GuideDecimal Binary Decimal Binary Decimal Binary Decimal Binary128 10000000 160 10100000 192 11000000 224 11100000129 10000001

Further Reading E-1AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx EEEEFFFFuuuurrrrtttthhhheeeerrrr RRRReeeeaaaaddddiiiinnnnggggAngell, David. ISDN for Dummie

E-2 User’s Reference GuideHares, S. "Components of OSI: Inter-Domain Routing Protocol (IDRP)." ConneXions: The Interoperability Report, Vol

Further Reading E-3Rose, M.T. The Open Book: A Practical Perspective on OSI. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall; 1990.Rose, M.T. The Simple

E-4 User’s Reference Guide

Technical Specifications and Safety Information F-1AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx FFFFTTTTeeeecccchhhhnnnniiiiccccaaaallll SSSSppppeeeecccciii

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 3333SSSSeeeettttttttiiiinnnngggg uuuupppp yyyyoooouuuurrr

F-2 User’s Reference GuideDescriptionDimensions: 124.0 cm (w) x 20.0 cm (d) x 5.3 cm (h) 9.4” (w) x 7.9” (d) x 2.1” (h)Communications interfaces: The

Technical Specifications and Safety Information F-3Software and protocolsSoftware media: Software preloaded on internal flash memory; field upgrades don

F-4 User’s Reference GuideIf this device is malfunctioning, it may also be causing harm to the telephone network; this device should be disconnected

Technical Specifications and Safety Information F-5Users should ensure for their own protection that the electrical ground connections of the power ut

F-6 User’s Reference Guide

About 56K Line Access G-1AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx GGGGAAAAbbbboooouuuutttt 55556666KKKK LLLLiiiinnnneeee AAAAcccccccceeeessssssss

G-2 User’s Reference GuideThese new techniques treat the phone system as a mostly digital network that just happens to have an analog portion. There

Glossary 1GGGGlllloooossssssssaaaarrrryyyyAccess Line: A telephone line reaching from the telephone company central office to a point usually on your

2 User’s Reference Guidebyte: A group of bits, normally eight, which represent one data character.CallerID: See CND.CCITT (Comite Consultatif Interna

Glossary 3DNS (Domain Name Service): A TCP/IP protocol for discovering and maintaining network resource information distributed among different serve

GB Contents...iConfiguration options for your Netopia R2020 Dual A

3-2 User’s Reference GuideNotes: • The computer running SmartStart must be on the same Ethernet cable segment as the Netopia R2020. Repeaters, such a

4 User’s Reference Guideinternet: A set of networks connected together by routers. This is a general term, not to be confused with the large, multi-

Glossary 5NAT (Network Address Translation): A feature that allows communication between the LAN connected to the Netopia ISDN Router and the Interne

6 User’s Reference GuideRFC (Request for Comment): A series of documents used to exchange information and standards about the Internet. RIP (Routing

Glossary 7TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): An open network standard that defines how devices from different manufacturers com

8 User’s Reference Guide

Index-1IIIInnnnddddeeeexxxxNumerics10Base-T 4-310Base-T, connecting 4-356k, about G-1Aaccounting configuration 8-23add static route 10-33adding a filter

Index-2configuring profiles for incoming calls. 8-6configuring terminal emulation software 5-3configuring the console 7-11connecting to an Ethernet networ

Index-3output 14-14parts of 14-7priority 14-5using 14-12viewing 14-16finding an ISP B-1firewall 14-17firmware filesupdating with TFTP 15-8updating with XM

Index-4outside ranges 10-6server lists 10-6navigatingconfiguration screens 7-8Easy Setup 5-4NCSA Telnet 5-3nested IP subnets C-11NetBIOS 10-37, 11-3Net

Index-5Security Options screen 14-2seeding 12-3Service Advertising Protocol (SAP) 11-2setting the IP trap receivers 13-15show static soutes 10-32Simpl

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-3Setting up your Router with the SmartStart WizardThe SmartStart Wizard is tailored for your pla

Index-6user accounts 14-2using filters 14-12utilities and tests 15-1Vviewing and modifying packet filters 14-23viewing and modifying SAP filter sets 14-2

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2 User’s Reference Guide

3-4 User’s Reference GuideEasy optionWhen the test succeeds, SmartStart indicates success.If the test fails, the wizard displays an error screen. If

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-5When the test is successful, you will see the “Manual or Automated Connection Profile screen,” s

3-6 User’s Reference Guidewith: Your dial-up number, sometimes referred to as an ISP POP number Your Login name and Password. (These are case-sensi

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-7In most cases, this SmartStart configuration is all that you need to get your router up and runn

3-8 User’s Reference GuideAdvanced optionRouter IP Address screen. If you selected the Advanced option in the “Easy or Advanced options screen” on pa

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-9Sharing the ConnectionConfiguring TCP/IP on Windows 95, 98, or NT computersConfiguring TCP/IP on

3-10 User’s Reference GuideNote: You can also use these instructions to configure other computers on your network to accept IP addresses served by the

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-11Static configuration (optional)If you are manually configuring for a fixed or static IP address,

ii User’s Reference Guide Sharing the Connection... 3-9Configuring TCP/IP on Windows 95, 98, or NT comp

4. Click OK in this window, and the next window. When prompted, reboot the computer.Note: You can also use these instructions to configure other comput

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-13Configuring TCP/IP on Macintosh computersThe following is a quick guide to configuring TCP/IP fo

3-14 User’s Reference GuideStatic configuration (optional)3. In the TCP/IP window or in the MacTCP/More window, select or type information into the fie

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 3-15Dynamic configuration using MacIP (optional)If you want to use MacIP to dynamically assign IP a

3-16 User’s Reference GuideUsing Classic Networking (MacTCP)1. Go to the Apple Menu. Select Control Panels and then Network.2. In the Network window,

Connecting Your Local Area Network 4-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 4444CCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeeccccttttiiiinnnngggg YYYYoooouuuurrrr LLLLoooocc

4-2 User’s Reference GuideApplication software: This is the software you use to send e-mail, browse the World Wide Web, read newsgroups, etc. These a

Connecting Your Local Area Network 4-3Connecting to an Ethernet networkThe Netopia R2020 supports Ethernet connections through its eight Ethernet po

4-4 User’s Reference GuideIf you add devices connected through a hub, connect the hub to Ethernet port number 1 on the Netopia R2020 and set the Norm

Connecting Your Local Area Network 4-5For pinout information on the HD-15 to DB-25 modem cable, see “Pinouts for Auxiliary Port Modem Cable,” in App

Contents iii G Navigating through the System Configuration screens... 7-8System Configuration features... 7-8N

4-6 User’s Reference GuideWiring guidelines for PhoneNET cablingFor detailed configuration instructions see “AppleTalk Setup” on page 12-1.Topology22

Console-based Management 5-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 5555CCCCoooonnnnssssoooolllleeee----bbbbaaaasssseeeedddd MMMMaaaannnnaaaaggggeeeemmmm

5-2 User’s Reference Guideusing the router to connect to more than one service provider or remote site. The System Configuration menus display and pe

Console-based Management 5-3Configuring Telnet softwareIf you are configuring your router using a Telnet session, your computer must be running a Teln

5-4 User’s Reference GuideLaunch your terminal emulation software and configure the communications software for the following values. These are the de

Easy Setup 6-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 6666EEEEaaaassssyyyy SSSSeeeettttuuuuppppThis chapter describes how to use the Easy Setup console s

6-2 User’s Reference GuideA screen similar to the following appears:If you do not see the Main Menu, verify that: the computer used to view the cons

Easy Setup 6-3Beginning Easy SetupTo begin Easy Setup, select Easy Setup in the Main Menu, then press Return.The Easy Setup Profile screen appears.Ea

6-4 User’s Reference Guide4. Select Local WAN IP Address and enter the local WAN address your ISP gave you.The default address is 0.0.0.0, which allo

Easy Setup 6-51. Select Ethernet IP Address and enter the first IP address from the IP address range your ISP has given you. This will be the Netopia

iv User’s Reference Guide Encryption support ... 9-7VPN Default Answer Profile...

6-6 User’s Reference Guide7. If IP Address Serving is On, select Number of Client IP Addresses. Then enter the number of available host addresses for

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User’s Reference Guide

WAN and System Configuration 7-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 7777WWWWAAAANNNN aaaannnndddd SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm CCCCoooonnnnffffiiiig

7-2 User’s Reference GuideCreating a new Connection ProfileConnection Profiles define the telephone and networking protocols necessary for the router to

WAN and System Configuration 7-34. Select Datalink Options and press Return. The Datalink Options screen appears.Note: The Datalink Options shown bel

7-4 User’s Reference Guide6. Toggle or enter any IP Parameters you require and return to the Add Connection Profile screen by pressing Escape. For mor

WAN and System Configuration 7-59. Select Telco Options and press return. the Telco Options screen appears.NOTE: If you are creating a VPN Connection

7-6 User’s Reference GuideSelect the connection profile you want to view or edit and press Return. The profile is displayed, and you can change any of

WAN and System Configuration 7-7Deleting connection profilesYou can delete a connection profile by returning to the WAN Configuration menu and selecting

Contents v G Firmware upgrades and NAT ... 10-28IP subnets...

7-8 User’s Reference GuideThe console screen will open to the Main Menu, similar to the screen shown below: Navigating through the System Configuratio

WAN and System Configuration 7-9To help you determine whether you need to use the System Configuration options, review the following requirements. If

7-10 User’s Reference GuideTo access the System Configuration screens, select System Configuration in the Main Menu, then press Return.The System Config

WAN and System Configuration 7-11IP Address ServingThese screens allow you to configure IP Address serving on your network by means of DHCP, WANIP, Bo

7-12 User’s Reference GuideTo go to the Console Configuration screen, select Console Configuration in the System Configuration screen.Follow these steps

WAN and System Configuration 7-13LoggingYou can configure a UNIX-compatible syslog client to report a number of subsets of the events entered in the r

7-14 User’s Reference GuideWhen using syslog with a switched connection, if the host you are logging into is located on the WAN, the act of tearing d

Managing Data Calls 8-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 8888MMMMaaaannnnaaaaggggiiiinnnngggg DDDDaaaattttaaaa CCCCaaaallllllllssssYou can set a

8-2 User’s Reference Guide You can enter a PBX or Centrex Dialing Prefix such as “9” if you are on a PBX or Centrex phone system and require a prefix

Managing Data Calls 8-3the line, but uses a different telephone number and ring pattern. Supported options are: You can choose when the Netopia R2

vi User’s Reference Guide Chapter 13 — Monitoring Tools...13-1 Quick View status overview ...

8-4 User’s Reference GuideFor external modem applications, the Data Rate pop-up offers a variety of clock rates from 9600 to 230 Kbps. The default is

Managing Data Calls 8-51. Select Default Answer Profile in the WAN Configuration screen. Press Return. The Default Profile screen appears.2. To enable

8-6 User’s Reference GuideCNA should be available where CallerID services are available. You will need to consult with your telephone service provide

Managing Data Calls 8-7Note: The authentication method you choose determines which connection profiles are accessible to callers. For example, if you

8-8 User’s Reference GuideViewing scheduled connectionsTo display a table of view-only scheduled connections, select Display/Change Scheduled Connect

Managing Data Calls 8-9Follow these steps to configure the new scheduled connection: To activate the connection, select Scheduled Connection Enable

8-10 User’s Reference GuideOften is set to Once Only, the item directly below How Often reads Set Once-Only Schedule.Set Weekly ScheduleIf you set Ho

Managing Data Calls 8-11 Select Place Call On (Date) and enter a date in the format MM/DD/YY or MM/DD/YYYY (month, day, year).Note: You must enter

8-12 User’s Reference GuideSelect a scheduled connection from the table and go to the Change Scheduled Connection screen. The parameters in this scre

Managing Data Calls 8-13SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm IIIInnnnffffoooorrrrmmmmaaaattttiiiioooonnnn ppppaaaaggggeeeeThis is the initial page you lin

Contents vii G IPX packet filters... 14-22IPX packet filter sets ... 14

8-14 User’s Reference Guideof the activity for your Frame relay DLCIs. “Connection Status page” on page 8-15 (for switched interfaces only): display

Managing Data Calls 8-15CCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeeccccttttiiiioooonnnn SSSSttttaaaattttuuuussss ppppaaaaggggeeeeFor switched interface connections,

8-16 User’s Reference GuideCCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeecccctttt////DDDDiiiissssccccoooonnnnnnnneeeecccctttt ppppaaaaggggeeeeThe Connect/Disconnect page di

Managing Data Calls 8-17RRRRoooouuuutttteeeerrrr BBBBuuuuddddggggeeeetttt CCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn ppppaaaagggg

8-18 User’s Reference GuideCCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeeccccttttiiiioooonnnn BBBBuuuuddddggggeeeettttssss ppppaaaaggggeeeeThe Connection Budgets page di

Managing Data Calls 8-19CCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeeccccttttiiiioooonnnn BBBBuuuuddddggggeeeetttt CCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn

8-20 User’s Reference Guideschedule, you choose the day of the month to start it.Click the Submit button to enable your entries and be returned to th

Managing Data Calls 8-21EEEEvvvveeeennnntttt HHHHiiiissssttttoooorrrryyyy ppppaaaaggggeeeessssThe Netopia R2020 records certain relevant occur

8-22 User’s Reference GuideDDDDeeeevvvviiiicccceeee EEEEvvvveeeennnntttt HHHHiiiissssttttoooorrrryyyy ppppaaaaggggeeeeYou can refresh the De

Managing Data Calls 8-23CCCCoooonnnnssssoooolllleeee----bbbbaaaasssseeeedddd mmmmaaaannnnaaaaggggeeeemmmmeeeennnntttt ssssccccrrrreeeeeeeennnn